REinfection in COVID-19 Estimation of Risk
Networks
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Datasets
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Variables
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The primary objective of this study is to estimate the risk of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 healthcare workers (HCWs) who had a first episode of PCR-confirmed COVID-19.
The secondary objectives are:
- To study the kinetics of HCWs’ SARS-CoV-2 antibody and specific T-cell responses.
- To compare the SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics and T-cell responses in asymptomatic and symptomatic HCWs with and without reinfection with COVID-19.
- To explore viral loads and viral strains when/if reinfected.
- To obtain information on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and specific T cell responses for HCWs who were previously infected and not previously infected with COVID-19 and who receive the COVID-19 vaccine (any manufacturer).
- Start Year
- 2020
- End Year
- 2023
- Supplementary Information
| Investigators | Contacts |
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Design
- Study design
- Other : There are two study designs in RECOVER: cohort (phase 1) and cross-sectional (phase 2).
- Follow Up
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Phase 1
The Phase 1 COVID-19 group has regularly scheduled biweekly follow-ups and is also followed up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-enrollment. In the event of possible reinfection, participants are followed up twice: 2-4 and 28-42 days post symptom onset. Unvaccinated participants have an additional scheduled follow-up at 18 months post-enrollment.Phase 2
The Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup is followed up after each vaccination: 7, 14, 28, 45 (± 25), 90, 180, and 365 days post-dose 1 and 7, 14, 28, and 57 (± 30) days post-dose 2.The Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group is followed up after each vaccination: 7, 14, 28, 29 (± 2), 90, 180, and 365 days post-dose 1 and 7, 14, 28, and 35 (± 5) days post-dose 2.
Extension I
A subset of participants from Phase 1 and Phase 2 are followed up once at 0 to 7 days pre-vaccination (any dose), once post-vaccination (any dose), and twice at 18 and 24 months.Extension II A subset of participants from Phase 1 and Phase 2 are followed up twice post-reinfection: at 6 and 12 months.
- Supplementary Information
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The RECOVER study implemented a 12-month extension from the initial protocol. A subset of participants from phases 1 and 2 participated in the Extension I and II data collections.
Marker Paper
Racine É, Boivin G, Longtin Y, et al,. The REinfection in COVID-19 Estimation of Risk (RECOVER) study: Reinfection and serology dynamics in a cohort of Canadian healthcare workers. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2022;16(5):916-925.
PUBMED 35510653
Recruitment
- Recruitment Target
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- Individuals
Number of Participants
- Number of Participants
- 609
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 609
- Supplementary Information
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Extension I data collections: 320 participants
Extension II data collections: 45 (recruitment ongoing)
Access
Availability of data and biosamples
| Possible Access to Data | |
| Possible Access to Biosamples | |
| Other |
Timeline
Populations
The population is composed of healthcare workers that have tested positive for COVID-19 and that, upon initial infection, are symptomatic or not.
Selection Criteria
- Newborns
- Twins
- Countries
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- Canada
- Territory
- Ethnic Origin
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- Health Status
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Participants must have had a PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection prior to enrollment.
- Other Criteria
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Exclusion criteria:
- At the time of recruitment are no longer working in a healthcare setting or have been furloughed as a preventive measure;
- Are not fluent in French or English;
- Have no access to a cell phone or internet, as follow-up will be done through text messages and emails.
- Are participating in a clinical trial for preventive treatment of COVID-19 {e.g., high dose Vitamin D (>2000IU/day or ≥10,000IU/wk), colchicine}, who are still on treatment upon recruitment. Can be included if taken for other reasons.
- Have received a COVID-19 vaccine prior to their enrolment in the study.
- Supplementary Information about selection criteria
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Of 570 participants, the majority are female (83.0%) and Caucasian (79.3%). The median age is 42. Most worked in acute-care hospitals (54.1%) or public long-term care facilities (24.4%). The most commonly reported profession is nurse/paramedic (40.4%), followed by patient care attendant (12.8%) and physician/medical resident (11.8%).
Recruitment
- Sources of recruitment
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- Specific population
- Participants from existing studies
- Specific Population
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- Members of an association
- Supplementary Information
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Recruitment is done in vaccine study centers (MUHC/CHUSJ Vaccine Center), with additional recruitment in hospitals (CHUM, JGH, MUHC) or CHSLDs, near/where participants work.
Participants are also recruited from the large case-control study conducted by the INSPQ.
- Participants from Existing Studies
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- Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ) (G. De Serres) case-control study
Number of Participants
- Number of Participants
- 570
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 570
Data Collection Events
| # | Name | Description | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Enrollment
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Information is collected about age, sex, ethnicity, employment status (full or part-timee), type of work (MD, nurse, auxiliary, orderly, etc.), mode of commuting, number of children, weight, ... | 2020-08 | 2021-04 |
| 1 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Reinfection
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Information is collected for reinfected participants about the date of COVID-19 reinfection, location of reinfection (workplace, public transit, household member, restaurant/bar), source of ... | 2020-08 | 2022-04 |
| 2 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Biweekly follow-up
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Information is collected biweekly about COVID‐19 symptoms, COVID-19 testing, and history of recent significant exposure to a confirmed case of COVID‐19. | 2020-08 | 2022-04 |
| 3 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Follow-up 3 months
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Information is collected about changes in workplace or work duties, change in residual symptoms, new influenza-like illnesses, new medical conditions, new medication, new vitamin intake, and new ... | 2020-11 | 2021-07 |
| 4 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Follow-up 6 months
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Information is collected about changes in workplace or work duties, change in residual symptoms, new influenza-like illnesses, new medical conditions, new medication, new vitamin intake, and new ... | 2021-02 | 2021-10 |
| 5 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Follow-up 9 months
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Information is collected about changes in workplace or work duties, change in residual symptoms, new influenza-like illnesses, new medical conditions, new medication, new vitamin intake, and new ... | 2021-05 | 2022-01 |
| 6 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Follow-up 12 months
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Information is collected about changes in workplace or work duties, change in residual symptoms, new influenza-like illnesses, new medical conditions, new medication, new vitamin intake, and new ... | 2021-08 | 2022-04 |
| 7 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Follow-up 18 months
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Information is collected from unvaccinated participants about changes in the workplace or work duties, changes in residual symptoms, new influenza-like illnesses, new medical conditions, new ... | 2022-02 | 2022-10 |
| 8 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Extension I pre-vaccination
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2021-08 | 2023-04 |
| 9 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Extension I post-vaccination
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2021-08 | 2023-04 |
| 10 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Extension I follow-up 18 months
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-02 | 2022-10 |
| 11 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Extension I follow-up 24 months
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-08 | 2023-04 |
| 12 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Extension II 6 months post-reinfection
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-06 | |
| 13 |
RECOVER - Phase 1 COVID-19 group - Extension II 12 months post-reinfection
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-12 |
The population is composed of healthcare workers who participated in the first phase of the RECOVER study and will receive a COVID-19 vaccine. The first vaccine dose is administered around 8.4 ± 2.3 months (range: 0.8-13.1 months) after a PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The second dose is offered 16 ± 6 weeks after the first dose.
Selection Criteria
- Newborns
- Twins
- Countries
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- Canada
- Territory
- Ethnic Origin
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- Health Status
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Participants must have had a PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection prior to enrollment.
Participants included in this study are selected based on their reported symptomatology at the time of infection and their serostatus at enrollment in the study.
- Other Criteria
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Participants must be healthcare workers from phase 1 of the RECOVER study. They are selected if their blood samples are available before and after vaccination.
- Supplementary Information about selection criteria
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Symptomatic participants are matched with asymptomatic participants based on their sex, age, ethnicity, and times of infection and vaccination.
Recruitment
- Sources of recruitment
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- Participants from existing studies
- Supplementary Information
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Participants are recruited from the Phase 1 COVID-19 group of the RECOVER study.
- Participants from Existing Studies
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- REinfection in COVID-19 Estimation of Risk (RECOVER)
Number of Participants
- Number of Participants
- 25
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 25
- Supplementary Information about selection criteria
Data Collection Events
| # | Name | Description | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Enrollment
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Information is collected about age, sex, ethnicity, type of work (MD, nurse, auxiliary, orderly, etc.), weight, height, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, ... |
2020-08 | 2021-04 |
| 1 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 7 days post dose 1
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization. | 2020-09 | 2022-05 |
| 2 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 14 days post dose 1
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), ... | 2020-09 | 2022-05 |
| 3 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 28 days post dose 1
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), ... | 2020-10 | 2022-06 |
| 4 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 45 days post dose 1
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Blood samples are collected 45 ± 25 days post dose 1. | 2020-09 | 2022-08 |
| 5 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 7 days post dose 2
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization. | 2020-11 | 2022-10 |
| 6 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 14 days post dose 2
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization. | 2020-12 | 2022-10 |
| 7 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 3 months post dose 1
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Information is collected about underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), new flu-like illnesses (including the ... | 2020-12 | 2022-08 |
| 8 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 28 days post dose 2
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), ... | 2020-12 | 2022-11 |
| 9 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 57 days post dose 2
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Blood samples are collected 57 ± 30 days post dose 2. | 2020-12 | 2023-01 |
| 10 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 6 months post dose 1
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Information is collected about underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), new flu-like illnesses (including the ... | 2021-03 | 2022-11 |
| 11 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - 12 months post dose 1
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Information is collected about underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), new flu-like illnesses (including the ... | 2021-09 | 2023-05 |
| 12 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Extension I pre-vaccination
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2021-08 | 2023-04 |
| 13 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Extension I post-vaccination
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2021-08 | 2023-04 |
| 14 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Extension I follow-up 18 months
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-02 | 2022-10 |
| 15 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Extension I follow-up 24 months
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-08 | 2023-04 |
| 16 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Extension II 6 months post-reinfection
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-06 | |
| 17 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup - Extension II 12 months post-reinfection
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-12 |
The population is composed of healthcare workers who will receive a COVID-19 vaccine and have not previously been infected with COVID-19 (no history of a positive PCR and negative serology at recruitment) before their vaccination. Participants receive their vaccinations around the same times as the phase 2 COVID-19 subgroup.
Selection Criteria
- Newborns
- Twins
- Countries
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- Canada
- Territory
- Ethnic Origin
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- Health Status
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- Participants must not have any history of SARS-CoV-2 infection nor the presence of anti-N or anti-RBD antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 at recruitment.
- Other Criteria
- Participants must be health care workers.
Recruitment
- Sources of recruitment
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- Specific population
- Specific Population
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- Members of an association
Number of Participants
- Number of Participants
- 39
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 39
Data Collection Events
| # | Name | Description | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Enrollment
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Information is collected about age, sex, ethnicity, type of work (MD, nurse, auxiliary, orderly, etc.), weight, height, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, ... | 2020-08 | 2021-04 |
| 1 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 7 days post dose 1
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization. | 2020-09 | 2022-05 |
| 2 |
RECOVER - COVID-19 naïve vaccine group - 14 days post dose 1
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), ... | 2020-09 | 2022-05 |
| 3 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 28 days post dose 1
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), ... | 2020-10 | 2022-06 |
| 4 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 29 days post dose 1
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Blood samples are collected 29 ± 2 days post dose 1. | 2020-10 | 2022-06 |
| 5 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 7 days post dose 2
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization. | 2020-11 | 2022-10 |
| 6 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 14 days post dose 2
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization. | 2020-12 | 2022-10 |
| 7 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 3 months post dose 1
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Information is collected about underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), new flu-like illnesses (including the ... | 2020-12 | 2022-08 |
| 8 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 28 days post dose 2
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Information is collected about adverse events following immunization, underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), ... | 2020-12 | 2022-11 |
| 9 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 35 days post dose 2
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Blood samples are collected 35 ± 5 days post dose 2. | 2020-12 | 2022-11 |
| 10 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 6 months post dose 1
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Information is collected about underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), new flu-like illnesses (including the ... | 2021-03 | 2022-11 |
| 11 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - 12 months post dose 1
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Information is collected about underlying medical conditions and known risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary conditions, pregnancy, etc.), new flu-like illnesses (including the ... | 2021-09 | 2023-05 |
| 12 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Extension I pre-vaccination
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2021-08 | 2023-04 |
| 13 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Extension I post-vaccination
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2021-08 | 2023-04 |
| 14 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Extension I follow-up 18 months
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-02 | 2022-10 |
| 15 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Extension I follow-up 24 months
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-08 | 2023-04 |
| 16 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Extension II 6 months post-reinfection
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-06 | |
| 17 |
RECOVER - Phase 2 COVID-19 naïve group - Extension II 12 months post-reinfection
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Blood samples are collected from a subset of participants. | 2022-12 |
Classifications
- Socio-demographic and economic characteristics
- Lifestyle and behaviours
- Birth, pregnancy and reproductive health history
- Perception of health, quality of life, development and functional limitations
- Diseases
- Symptoms and signs
- Medication and supplements
- Non-pharmacological interventions
- Health and community care services utilization
- Death
- Physical measures and assessments
- Laboratory measures
- Cognition, personality and psychological measures and assessments
- Life events, life plans, beliefs and values
- Preschool, school and work life
- Social environment and relationships
- Physical environment
- Administrative information
Socio-demographic and economic characteristics
Age/birthdate
Sex/gender
Family and household structure
Ethnicity, race and religion
Labour force and retirement
Lifestyle and behaviours
Tobacco
Drugs
Transportation
Birth, pregnancy and reproductive health history
Pregnancy, delivery and birth
Diseases
Certain infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99)
Neoplasms (C00-D48)
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (D50-D89)
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90)
Mental and behavioural disorders (F00-F99)
Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G99)
Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99)
Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-J99)
Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K93)
Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00-L99)
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99)
Diseases of the genitourinary system (N00-N99)
Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (S00-T98)
Diseases without precise specification or falling into multiple categories
Symptoms and signs
Symptoms and signs involving the circulatory and respiratory systems (R00-R09)
Symptoms and signs involving the digestive system and abdomen (R10-R19)
Symptoms and signs involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue (R20-R23)
Symptoms and signs involving nervous and musculoskeletal systems (R25-R29)
Symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour (R40-R46)
General symptoms and signs (R50-R69)
Symptoms related to multiple categories
Medication and supplements
Medication and supplement intake
Posology and protocol of administration
Non-pharmacological interventions
Laboratory diagnosis interventions
Other and unspecified non-pharmacological interventions
Health and community care services utilization
Visits to health professionals
Hospitalizations
Physical measures and assessments
Anthropometry
Laboratory measures
Virology
Preschool, school and work life
Work life
Social environment and relationships
Social participation
Physical environment
Biological exposure
Administrative information
Identifiers
Date and time-related information
Questionnaire and interview-related information
Physical and cognitive measure and biosample-related information
Data and sample collection center-related information
Other administrative information